The nature and use of ecotoxicological evidence : natural science, statistics, psychology, and sociology
- 作者： Newman, Michael C., author.
- 出版： London : Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier
- 主題： Environmental toxicology. , Electronic books.
- ISBN： 9780128096451 (electronic bk.) 、 0128096454 (electronic bk.) 、 9780128096420
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FIND@SFXID:
CGU
- 資料類型: 電子書
- 內容註: Includes bibliographical references and index. Intro; Title page; Table of Contents; Copyright; Dedication; About the Author; Preface; Intent; Scope and Tenor; Coverage; References; Acknowledgments; Section 1: Introduction; Chapter 1. The Emerging Importance of Pollution; Abstract; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Historical Emergence of Pollution; 1.3 Emergence of the Anthropocene; 1.4 Conclusion; References; Section 2: How Individuals Gather and Judge Evidence; Chapter 2. Human Reasoning: Everyday Heuristics and Foibles; Abstract; 2.1 Cognitive Psychology and Heuristics; 2.2 Origins and Nature of Everyday Heuristics; 2.3 Conclusion; References. Chapter 3. Human Reasoning: Within Scientific Traditions and RulesAbstract; 3.1 Human Reasoning in a Scientific Context; 3.2 Traditions in Science; 3.3 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4. Pathological Reasoning Within Sciences; Abstract; 4.1 Pathological Science; 4.2 Examples of Pathological Science; 4.3 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5. Individual Scientist: Reasoning by the Numbers; Abstract; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Quantitative Methods; 5.3 Conclusions; References; Section 3: How Groups Weigh and Apply Evidence; Chapter 6. Social Processing of Evidence: Commonplace Dynamics and Foibles. Abstract6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Individualâ#x80;#x94;Peer Dyads; 6.3 Groupthink and Polythink; 6.4 Satisficing; 6.5 Eliciting Judgments From Groups of Experts; 6.6 Reducing the Impact of Group Errors; 6.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 7. How Innovations Enter and Move Within Groups; Abstract; 7.1 Innovation Diffusion; 7.2 Kuhnâ#x80;#x99;s Theory of Scientific Revolution; 7.3 Innovation Diffusion Theory; 7.4 Information Transmission Integrity and Fruitfulness; 7.5 Innovations in Ecotoxicology; 7.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 8. Evidence in Social Networks; Abstract. 8.1 The Social Science of Ecotoxicology8.2 Social Network Analysis; 8.3 Networks of Scientists; 8.4 Conclusions; References; Section 4: Conclusion; Chapter 9. Conclusion; Abstract; 9.1 The Elephant-in-the-Room; 9.2 The Nature of Ecotoxicology Evidence; 9.3 The Use of Ecotoxicology Evidence; References; Appendix 1. Ecotoxicology Innovation Survey Methods; A.1.1 Innovation Data Set; A.1.2 Innovation Diffusion; A.1.3 Co-authorship Networks; References; Appendix 2. ResearchGate Ecotoxicologist Survey; A.2.1 General; A.2.2 Tabulation for 80 Ecotoxicologists; Reference; Index.
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讀者標籤：
- 系統號： 005457257 | 機讀編目格式
館藏資訊
The Nature and Use of Ecotoxicological Evidence: Natural Science, Statistics, Psychology, and Sociology examines how toxicologists and environmental professionals come to understand and make decisions about possible harm from pollutants. Drawing on concepts and techniques from the natural, social and mathematical sciences, the book emphasizes how pollutant-related evidence is gathered, assessed, communicated and applied in decision-making. Each chapter begins with a real-world example before exploring fundamental cognitive, social, statistical or natural science concepts to explain the opening example. Methods from other disciplines for recognizing, reducing or removing the influence of impediments in wise decision-making are highlighted in each chapter. Misreading evidence by the scientific community, and miscommunication to regulators and the public, remain major impediments to wise action in pollution issues. Which evidence comes to dominate the dialogue among scientists, regulators and decision makers depends on social and scientific dynamics. Yet psychological and sociological factors that influence the movement of evidence through scientific communities to regulators receive cursory discussion by professionals unfamiliar with the sociology literature. Toxicologists, environmental scientists, psychologists and professionals and students across the sciences will find the book useful for understanding how evidence is generated, assessed and communicated in their own fields. - Includes groundbreaking research synthesizing information from across the sciences to understand the decision-making process - Provides real life examples and uses theoretical concepts to analyze them in clear, direct language - Encourages critical thinking about complex problems